X11

X11 is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on UNIX-like operating systems. It provides the basic framework for a GUI environment, including drawing and moving windows on the display and interacting with a mouse and keyboard.

X11 on Euler¶

Euler uses the X11 protocol to display a program's graphical user interface (GUI) on a user's workstation. To dispay X11 windows, you need to install an X11 server on your workstation. The ports used by X11 are blocked by the cluster's firewall. To circumvent this, you must open an SSH tunnel and redirect all X11 communication through that tunnel.

Linux¶

Xorg (X11) is normally installed by default as part of most Linux distributions.

ssh -Y username@hostname

Mac OS X¶

Since X11 is no longer included in OS X, you must install XQuartz.

ssh -Y username@hostname

Windows¶

X11 is not supported by Windows natively. But there are third-party application that provide that functionality. Here's a list of common X11 servers:

X11 in a container running in an interactive job

When you plan to use X11 in a container that is running in an interactive job, you need to make sure that $XAUTHORITY is mounted inside the container with singularity exec -B $XAUTHORITY ....